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Colic: The Silent Killer in the World of Racehorses

SARGA.CO – Racehorses are celebrated for their strength, speed, and remarkable endurance. Yet one seemingly simple health issue can turn deadly: colic. In veterinary medicine, colic is one of the most feared conditions because it can be fatal within hours if not treated promptly.

But what exactly is colic—and why are racehorses so vulnerable?

What Is Colic in Horses?

Put, Colic is a general term for abdominal pain in horses.
The causes range from mild digestive disturbances to severe problems such as intestinal blockages or twists.

Unlike humans, a horse’s digestive system is extremely sensitive and complex. They cannot vomit to empty their stomach, and their intestines—stretching up to 30 meters (about 98 feet)—are highly prone to disruptions.

The Most Dangerous Types of Colic

Impaction (Blockage)

Occurs when feed or manure hardens and blocks the intestine.
Often caused by dehydration or low fiber intake.

Tympany (Gas Colic)

Gas buildup causes the horse’s abdomen to swell painfully.
This can result from the fermentation of feed in the large intestine.

Torsion / Volvulus (Intestinal Twist)

A section of intestine twists, cutting off its blood supply.
This is the most lethal form of colic and often requires emergency surgery.

Intussusception

One part of the intestine slides into another—like a collapsing telescope. Rare but extremely serious.

Why Racehorses Are Especially at Risk

Racehorses endure intense physical and mental stress.
Key factors that raise their colic risk include:

Stress from heavy training or frequent travel
Sudden changes in diet
Dehydration from excessive sweating
Irregular feeding schedules
High-energy, low-fiber diets
Limited turnout or stalls that restrict movement, which can stress the gut

Warning Signs to Watch For

Horses can’t say they’re in pain, so owners, trainers, and jockeys need to watch for:

Pawing or biting at the belly
Rolling repeatedly on the ground
Restlessness and sweating
Lying down and getting up frequently
Refusing food or water
Lack of manure

Immediate veterinary attention is critical.

Emergency treatments may include pain relief (analgesics), passing a nasogastric tube to remove gas or fluid, or surgery if the intestine has twisted.

Prevention Is Key

Preventive measures include:

Providing high-fiber, low-sugar feed
Ensuring constant access to clean water
Avoiding sudden diet changes
Keeping feeding and exercise routines consistent
Reducing environmental stress

Colic Is No Minor Problem

Colic may sound like “just a stomachache,” but for a racehorse, it can be a death sentence if not addressed quickly. Awareness, vigilance, and rapid treatment are essential to saving lives.

Behind the glamour of the racetrack lies an unseen battle—colic remains one of the greatest hidden enemies of these equine champions.

(Various sources)

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Colic: The Silent Killer in the World of Racehorses

But what exactly is colic—and why are racehorses so vulnerable?

What Is Colic in Horses?

Why Racehorses Are Especially at Risk

Colic Is No Minor Problem